Notes

• Focus

  • Focus
    affects spells differently from the wand movement or incantation. A
    component that is not present in every spell. The Levitation Charm and
    the Locomotion Charm, require you to focus on the target you are casting
    the spell upon and also focus upon the effect you are intending to
    produce. You cannot avoid it if a spell requires it. The hardest part of
    successful focusing is that your mind must be relatively clear at the
    moment you are casting a spell.

  
  

• The Severing Charm (Diffindo):
  relies most heavily upon your ability to focus. The charm not only
  needs to be targeted specifically, but factors such as depth must be
  taken into account. Not very effective when used against animated,
  living things, making it an impractical dueling spell.

• The Softening Charm (Spongify):
  example of focus because there are no major backfires if it is done
  improperly. If you do not focus correctly, you might accidentally soften
  the wrong thing, but it will right itself quickly enough. The effects
  of this charm are temporary.