After the fall of Rome, due to the increasing struggles between wizards and Muggles, began a period of history known as the “Middle Ages” or yet, the “Dark Ages”. Very little from the history of that time reached our day, but it is quite sure that by the Middle Ages the Wizard world has suffered many changes. This was a time of legends, magic and war. The arousal of evil wizards and witches was followed by the appearance of the first secret orders of magic, most of which created by those evil wizards with the objective to get rid of the Muggle persecution, destroy every wizard who make any opposition to this, and, finally, rule the world. The plague, known as the “Black Death”, which killed millions of both Muggles and wizards, was caused by several curses created by those evil wizards above mentioned. The development of the Dark Arts was followed by the increasing interest of the wizard population in general or the art of dueling and also for the study of charms and spells. In the end of the Middle Ages, with the creation of the first wizardry schools and of the Wizards’ Council, the wizard community showed great interest in the Defense Against the Dark Arts. Another very important historical fact of the Dark Age is the earliest record of the use of Broomsticks as a mean of transportation. Soon the use of the broomstick would be widespread, and our all-time favorite sport would appear: the Quidditch was born! It is unknown the date of creation of the first Wizard’s Council, but we know it was created in Britain by the most famous wizard of all time, Merlin. The Council has been essential in order to assemble the wizard community in one institution in order to achieve goals such as the fighting against the Dark Arts, government, and the pacific coexistence between wizards and Muggles. Merlin also created the Order of Merlin, originally an institution with the goal of promoting laws to protect and benefit Muggles. It is unknown when the Order changed from an organization to an award or when its focus shifted from advocating Muggle rights to honoring great accomplishments in general. At the ending of the Middle Ages happened the most horrifying chapter of our history: The Witch Hunting. The Muggles all over the known world gathered together in order to burn alive every witch our wizard they could find. Thousands of wizards were killed for no specific reason. It was a time of intolerance and anger. The Wizard’s Council worked very hard to end up with the persecution, which would only be definitely over during the modern age with the International Statute of Wizarding Secrecy. The ending of the Middle Ages, and beginning of Modern Age, is frequently related to the discovering of American Witchcraft and the creation of the Ministry of Magic as governmental institution in replace of the Wizard's Council. We will be studying both facts in the upcoming chapters