Ancient Magical Traditions; Excerpts

A compilation of errant bits of information from historical magical traditions. Based on the research of Esperanza de Azcarraga, Basque scholar and historian. Compiled and Edited by intern Jon Thorsson, first-year student at Hogwarts.

Last Updated

05/31/21

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Elder Futhark; The Three Aettir

Chapter 6

The
First Aettir:

FEHU (F:
Domestic cattle, wealth.) Possessions won or earned, earned income, luck.
Abundance, financial strength in the present or near future. Sign of hope and
plenty, success and happiness. Social success. Energy, foresight, fertility,
creation and destruction (becoming). Financial strength and prosperity of the present
and near future. Money matters. Psychic energies.

Fehu
Reversed or Merkstave: Loss of personal property, esteem, or something that you
put in effort to keep. It indicates some sort of failure. Greed, burnout,
atrophy, discord. Cowardice, stupidity, dullness, poverty, slavery, bondage.

*Magical
Force. Force, Mobile power, strife among clan, Gold, Money, Cattle.

URUZ (U:
Aurochs, a wild ox.) Physical strength and speed, untamed potential. A time of
great energy and health. Freedom, energy, action, courage, strength, tenacity,
understanding, wisdom. Sudden or unexpected changes (usually for the better).
Sexual desire, masculine potency. The shaping of power and pattern, formulation
of the self. Health matters. Physical health. Vital energies.

Uruz
Reversed or Merkstave: Weakness, obsession, misdirected force, domination by
others. Sickness, inconsistency, ignorance. Lust, brutality, rashness,
callousness, violence.

*Vital Shaping Power. Cleansing and transformation by water, Evolving
separation/creation

THURISAZ (TH:
Thorn or a Giant.) Reactive force, directed force of destruction and defense,
conflict. Instinctual will, vital eroticism, regenerative catalyst. A tendency
toward change. Catharsis, purging, cleansing fire. Male sexuality, fertilization.
(Thorr, the Thunder god, was of Giant, or Thursar stock.)

Thurisaz
Reversed or Merkstave: Danger, defenselessness, compulsion, betrayal, dullness.
Evil, malice, hatred, torment, spite, lies. A bad man or woman. Rape? Thurisaz
- Conflicts and complexities of an aggressive nature; psychological problems.
What opposed you (perhaps physical).

 *Dynamic/Active force. Dynamic/disruptive unity, Direct aggressive
‘phallic’ or ‘male’ force

ANSUZ (A: The
As, ancestral god, i.e. Odin.) A revealing message or insight, communication.
Signals, inspiration, enthusiasm, speech, true vision, power of words and
naming. Blessings, the taking of advice. Good health, harmony, truth, wisdom.
Communications and transmissions; points things back to sources in the past. Sources
of inspiration and intellectual expression.

Ansuz
Reversed or Merkstave: Misunderstanding, delusion, manipulation by others,
boredom. Vanity and grandiloquence. (Odhinn is a mighty, but duplicitous god.
He always has his own agenda.)

 *Inspiration and Galdr (spell or incantation)-skill. Odhinn’s gift, the
seed planted, Conscious inspiration, Mead

RAIDHO (R:
Wagon or chariot.) Travel, both in physical terms and those of lifestyle
direction. A journey, vacation, relocation, evolution, change of place or
setting. Seeing a larger perspective. Seeing the right move for you to make and
deciding upon it. Personal rhythm, world rhythm, dance of life. What is right
or not right; what move to make; decisions; returns. Travels; inner or outer.

Raidho
Reversed or Merkstave: Crisis, rigidity, stasis, injustice, irrationality.
Disruption, dislocation, demotion, delusion, possibly a death.

 *Rhythm and Timing. Solar journey/death, Structure of society

KENAZ (K:
Beacon or torch.) Vision, revelation, knowledge, creativity, inspiration,
technical ability. Vital fire of life, harnessed power, fire of transformation
and regeneration. Power to create your own reality, the power of light. Open to
new strength, energy, and power now. Passion, sexual love. Opening up of new
ways; opportunities; information. Creativity. Erotic relationships.

Kenaz
Reversed or Merkstave: Disease, breakup, instability, lack of creativity.
Nakedness, exposure, loss of illusion and false hope.

 *Control of
energies and Skill to Craft them. Hidden shaping/creation of svartalfar (black
elves, AKA dwarves), Control achieved through technical skill

GEBO (G:
Gift.) Gifts, both in the sense of sacrifice and of generosity, indicating
balance. All matters in relation to exchanges, including contracts, personal
relationships and partnerships. All matters of an exchanging nature; contracts;
personal relationships. What will be given to you.

Gebo
Merkstave (Gebo cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): Greed,
loneliness, dependence, over-sacrifice. Obligation, toll, privation, bribery.

*Ability to
Give and Receive Power. Sacrifice/exchange binding loyalty between humans and
gods, mutual exchange, growth through interaction

WUNJO (W or
V: Joy.) Joy, comfort, pleasure. Fellowship, harmony, prosperity. Ecstasy, glory,
spiritual reward, but also the possibility of going "over the top".
If restrained, the meaning is general success and recognition of worth. Gain;
accomplishments; that which is wished for. Relationships, friends. What will
give you happiness.

Wunjo
Reversed or Merkstave: Stultification, sorrow, strife, alienation. Delirium,
intoxication, possession by higher forces, impractical enthusiasm. Raging
frenzy, berzerker.

*Self-Confidence
in an Integrated Personality. Harmony/unity of will, Social Harmony/Balance
achieved through love

 

 The
Second Aettir:

HAGALAZ (H:
Hail.) Wrath of nature, destructive, uncontrolled forces, especially the
weather, or within the unconscious. Tempering, testing, trial. Controlled
crisis, leading to completion, inner harmony. The uncontrolled forces in the
unconscious, which are usually of a disruptive nature and which usually
originate in the past. Area of possible crisis leading to transformation.

Hagalaz
Merkstave (Hagalaz cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): Natural
disaster, catastrophe. Stagnation, loss of power. Pain, loss, suffering,
hardship, sickness, crisis.

*Wholeness
of Universe’s Structure. Form, determinant immobile form, universal structure

NAUTHIZ (N:
Need.) Delays, restriction. Resistance leading to strength, innovation,
need-fire (self-reliance). Distress, confusion, conflict, and the power of will
to overcome them. Endurance, survival, determination. A time to exercise
patience. Recognition of one's fate. Major self-initiated change. Face your fears.
Restrictive forces in the unconscious; fears, anxieties; feelings of guilt.
What resists you (psychically). Source of discontent.

Nauthiz
Reversed or Merkstave: Constraint of freedom, distress, toil, drudgery, laxity.
Necessity, extremity, want, deprivation, starvation, need, poverty, emotional
hunger.

*Testing to
Awaken Inner Fire. Cleansing and transformation by fire, resistance,
self-sufficiency, internally generated fire

 ISA (I: Ice.)
A challenge or frustration. Psychological blocks to thought or activity,
including grievances. Standstill, or a time to turn inward and wait for what is
to come, or to seek clarity. This rune reinforces runes around it. Blocks;
stultified conditions; grievances; anything that the individual is not prepared
to let go of; the formation of the personality; conditioning. What is
constraining you.

Isa
Merkstave (Isa cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): Ego-mania,
dullness, blindness, dissipation. Treachery, illusion, deceit, betrayal, guile,
stealth, ambush, plots.

*Primal
Ice and Bridge of Consciousness. Immobile/integrative unity,
contraction/immobility

JERA (J or Y:
A year, a good harvest.) The results of earlier efforts are realized. A time of
peace and happiness, fruitful season. It can break through stagnancy. Hopes and
expectations of peace and prosperity. The promise of success earned. Life
cycle, cyclical pattern of the universe. Everything changes, in its own time.
Hopes and expectations; turning points; gradual changes; results of earlier
actions. Where rewards can be expected. Relationship with the natural
environment.

Jera
Merkstave (Jera cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): Sudden setback,
reversals. A major change, repetition, bad timing, poverty, conflict.

* Cycles of
Year and Growth of Seeds of Power within the Vitki. Growth of the godly seed in
humanity, a spiral/gradual growth

EIHWAZ (EI:
Yew tree.) Strength, reliability, dependability, trustworthiness.
Enlightenment, endurance. Defense, protection. The driving force to acquire,
providing motivation and a sense of purpose. Indicates that you have set your
sights on a reasonable target and can achieve your goals. An honest man who can
be relied upon. The driving forces in the unconscious; motivation; sense of
purpose. Hidden influences, state of whole being. Relationship with the
numinous environment.

Eihwaz
Reversed or Merkstave: Confusion, destruction, dissatisfaction, weakness.

*Vertical
Trunk of Yggdrasil (the worlds-tree) and Initiation by Ordeal. Mystical
journey/death, vertical/instantaneous illumination

PERTHRO (P:
Lot cup, female sexual organ.) Uncertain meaning, a secret matter, a mystery,
hidden things and occult abilities. Initiation, knowledge of one's destiny,
knowledge of future matters, determining the future or your path. Pertaining to
things feminine, feminine mysteries including female fertility, and the female sexual
organ. Good lot, fellowship and joy. Evolutionary change. The deepest creative
part of the unconscious; the hidden realm of higher material that is waiting to
come to fruition and birth; hidden talents; occult or psychic abilities. How
you will find joy.

Perthro
Reversed or Merkstave: Addiction, stagnation, loneliness, malaise.

*Well of
Wyrd (roughly corresponds to fate or destiny)and Vitki’s ability to Understand
and Use its Power. Well hiding workings of wyrd which shape the worlds of
being, Interactive evolution

ELHAZ (Z:
Elk, protection.) Protection, a shield. The protective urge to shelter oneself
or others. Defense, warding off of evil, shield, guardian. Connection with the
gods, awakening, higher life. It can be used to channel energies appropriately.
The strong protective side in the unconscious; the influence which will protect
you; religious aspirations. Thing that needs attention. Way to the gods. Follow
your instincts. Keep hold of success or maintain a position won or earned.

Elhaz
Reversed: or Merkstave: Hidden danger, consumption by divine forces, loss of
divine link. Taboo, warning, turning away, that which repels.

*Yewtree/Bifrost
Bridge and Communication Between Vitki and Valkyrja (Valkyrie, here referred to
in the context of being a personal guardian angel). Communication between
humans and gods, acceptance, attraction towards valkyrja or Asgardhr (home of
the Gods), godly cleansing fire of Bifrost (bridge between the Asgard and the
mortal realm of Midgard)
 

SOWILO (S:
The sun.) Success, goals achieved, honor. The life-force, health. A time when
power will be available to you for positive changes in your life, victory, health,
and success. Contact between the higher self and the unconscious. Wholeness,
power, elemental force, sword of flame, cleansing fire. Position of the higher
self in relations to the unconscious; the direction in which you will be guided
by the higher self; the ability to establish contact between the higher self
and the unconscious. What will guide you.

Sowilo
Merkstave (Sowilo cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): False goals,
bad counsel, false success, gullibility, loss of goals. Destruction,
retribution, justice, casting down of vanity. Wrath of god or gods.

*Wheel of the Sun and Vitki’s Magical Will. Magical
will triumphant, determinant mobile force, Individual Will

 

The Third Aettir: 

TIWAZ (T:
Tyr, the sky god.) Honor, justice, leadership and authority. Analysis,
rationality. Knowing where one's true strengths lie. Willingness to
self-sacrifice. Victory and success in any competition or in legal matters.
Creative energies in the martial sense; where your strengths lie; where to
direct your energies in taking initiatives; honor and justice, leadership and
authority. Cognitive state. Legal matters. Ideals.

Tiwaz
Reversed or Merkstave: One's energy and creative flow are blocked. Mental
paralysis, over-analysis, over-sacrifice, injustice, imbalance. Strife, war, conflict,
failure in competition. Dwindling passion, difficulties in communication, and
possibly separation.

*Sky-Father
and Victory. Force directed by Form, Social harmony/balance achieved through
Law

BERKANO (B:
Berchta, the birch-goddess.) Birth, general fertility, both mental and physical
and personal growth, liberation. Regenerative power and light of spring,
renewal, promise of new beginnings, new growth. Arousal of desire. A love
affair or new birth. The prospering of an enterprise or venture. Fertility;
birth' rebirth; growth; maternity; family life; feminine mysteries. What
provides growth and beauty.

Berkano
Reversed or Merkstave: Family problems and or domestic troubles. Anxiety about
someone close to you. Carelessness, abandon, loss of control. Blurring of
consciousness, deceit, sterility, stagnation.

*Great
Mother, Birth and Death. Vessel of cleansing and transformation (athanor),
Reception and retention, growth through incubation

EHWAZ (E:
Horse, two horses.) Transportation. May represent a horse, car, plane, boat or
other vehicle. Movement and change for the better. Gradual development and
steady progress are indicated. Harmony, teamwork, trust, loyalty. An ideal
marriage or partnership. Confirmation beyond doubt the meanings of the runes around
it. Adaptability; relationships with others; joint efforts; cooperation;
sexuality. With what or whom you should work. Erotic relations.

Ehwaz
Reversed or Merkstave: This is not really a negative rune. A change is perhaps
craved. Feeling restless or confined in a situation. Reckless haste,
disharmony, mistrust, betrayal.

*Twin
Gods and Kings. Mobile/Integrative mobility, Control achieved through mutual
trust and union

MANNAZ (M:
Man, mankind.) The Self; the individual or the human race. Your attitude toward
others and their attitudes towards you. Friends and enemies, social order.
Intelligence, forethought, create, skill, ability. Divine structure,
intelligence, awareness. Expect to receive some sort of aid or cooperation now.
People at large; attitude toward others; other people's attitudes towards you;
legal matters, friends and enemies; intellect. Overall psychic state. Attitude
toward death.

Mannaz
Reversed or Merkstave: Depression, mortality, blindness, self-delusion.
Cunning, slyness, manipulation, craftiness, calculation. Expect no help now.

*Godly
Might of Men. Vitki claiming full godly inheritance, Structure of the human
microcosm

LAGUZ (L:
Water, or a leek.) Flow, water, sea, a fertility source, the healing power of
renewal. Life energy and organic growth. Imagination and psychic matters.
Dreams, fantasies, mysteries, the unknown, the hidden, the deep, the
underworld. Success in travel or acquisition, but with the possibility of loss.
Emotions; stability; imagination; psychic matters; affections. State of
emotional Balance. What will test you.

Laguz
Reversed or Merkstave: An indication of a period of confusion in your life. You
may be making wrong decisions and poor judgements. Lack of creativity and
feelings of being in a rut. Fear, circular motion, avoidance, withering.
Madness, obsession, despair, perversity, sickness, suicide.

*Power
Over Life and Hidden Sources. Watery journey/death, subconscious awareness, Ale

INGUZ (NG: Ing, the earth
god.) Male fertility, gestation, internal growth. Common virtues, common sense,
simple strengths, family love, caring, human warmth, the home. Rest stage, a
time of relief, of no anxiety. A time when all loose strings are tied and you
are free to move in a new direction. Listen to yourself. Integration;
gestation; expectations; progeny. What you should contemplate.

Ingwaz
Merkstave (Ingwaz cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): Impotence,
movement without change. Production, toil, labor, work.

*Yngvi/Freyr,
the God’s Sacrifice. Power sent into the hidden realms for the sake of
creation, sublimated/passive force, castrated male

DAGAZ (D: Day
or dawn.) Breakthrough, awakening, awareness. Daylight clarity as opposed to
nighttime uncertainty. A time to plan or embark upon an enterprise. The power
of change directed by your own will, transformation. Hope/happiness, the ideal.
Security and certainty. Growth and release. Balance point, the place where
opposites meet. Transmission; opposites; position between light and darkness;
initiation; balance between the worlds outside time and space; cosmic
consciousness; change from one thing into its opposite; new beginnings. Area of
unexpected synchronicity.

Dagaz
Merkstave (Dagaz cannot be reversed, but may lie in opposition): A completion,
ending, limit, coming full circle. Blindness, hopelessness.

*Transcendant
Completion. Transcendant unity of human and godly awareness, timeless,
transcendent synthesis/being

OTHALA (O:
Ancestral property.) Inherited property or possessions, a house, a home. What is
truly important to one. Group order, group prosperity. Land of birth, spiritual
heritage, experience and fundamental values. Aid in spiritual and physical
journeys. Source of safety, increase and abundance. Home life; country;
spiritual heritage; experience; foundation; fundamental values; establishing.
Greater family matters. National or community issues.

Othala
Reversed or Merkstave: Lack of customary order, totalitarianism, slavery,
poverty, homelessness. Bad karma, prejudice, clannishness, provincialism. What
a man is bound to.

*Inheritance That Encompasses All. Inheritance of
being and stronghold of the will, Immobile power, clan enclosure

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