Definitions:

Potion: A magical mixture that combines both magical mundane and transitional ingredients
-It is a mixture of compounds

Mixture: Multiple substances mixed together but no reaction taking place(molecules are not altered)
A mixture is heterogeneous: Not one uniform substance-different substance-Different compounds mixed together

Compound:A pure substance that occurs as a result of a chemical reaction
A compound is homogeneous:Only discernible ingredient.
E.g. Water:When you scoop a spoonful of water, you cannot take out the Oxygen and Hydrogen inside it only water

Sublimation:Solid transitions to a gas

A mixture can be separated and its individual elements can be identified
A compound's individual parts can only be separated through another chemical reaction
A solution is a type of mixture, and can take the form of liquids, gas and solids
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Concepts:

-Gases,Liquids and Solids are made up of atoms and molecules
-If the atoms or molecules packed closely together and move slowly it forms a solid
-If packed less closely and moves a bit more than a solid, it is a liquid
-Particles in a gas are the least densely packed of the three, and they are very active(the particles)
-There is technically a 4th state of matter called plasma
-A phase transition is when one of these phases passes through or transitions to another phase.
-Phase transition happens through a shift in energy-Through gaining or losing heat/thermal energy

EXAMPLE:
If you put an ice cube(solid) on a hot stove, you will see it melt and transition to water(liquid) quite rapidly


Melting: Solid to Liquid

Sublimation: Solid to Gas

Freezing: Liquid to Solid

Evaporation:Liquid to Gas

Deposition: Gas to Solid

Condensation: Gas to Liquid
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Theory:

-Brewing potions requires the energy of heat as well as the magic in your wand in order to initiate a reaction in the ingredients
-The order the ingredients are added is important, because it enables certain ingredients to react in a specific way when the potion is brewed
-A good deal of information about potions theory and how ingredients interact with magic is still not known to us
-We have little to no understanding on the nature of magic






Note：
I only looked at Lesson 2, I did not look at any test etc. when making the notes.
PM me your reviews and possible suggestions(if you have any)^_^,like how to improve it etc. :P
Also sorry for the long chapter notes, I tried to include everything but keep it as simple as possible XP
Source:http://www.hogwartsishere.com/courses/PTNS-101/lesson/37/

~Alexander Greenwood