A wand is a wooden shaft containing a core from a powerful magical creature. 

A squib is someone who is from a magical family but has no magical ability. Despite a Squib’s inability to use magic, they still possess  the limited ability to detect magical activity or use magical devices.

It’s also possible that the children of muggles several generations removed from magical heritage can possess magical ability; these individuals are often described as “Muggle-born.”

Pure-bloods are witches and wizards with no Muggles in their bloodline. Their blood is purely magical.

A half-blood is a witch or wizard with one magical parent and one non-magical or Muggle-born parent.

The Wand-Lighting Charm

Incantation: Lumos (pronounced ‘LOO-mos’)

Wand Movement: Single counter-clockwise loop

The Wand-Extinguishing Charm

Incantation: Nox (pronounced ‘NOCK-ss')

Wand Movement: Flick of the wand.