~Bell-Beaker Culture

-completely magical
-famous for pottery and stone structures
-ended around 1800 BC
-Global breakthrough: writing
-symbols believed to have been the first wand movements
-Stonehenge - thought to have astronomical magical functions, built in 3000 BC
-one of the few structures discovered by Muggles
-By the time the 1600s came, it was too late to erase Stonehenge from Muggle memory
-Magical folk forgot its use until it was rediscovered by Alphonse Mason in the late 1800s
-built to channel astronomical magic
-can aid in fertility and childbirth
-other days, it could strengthen soldiers or enhance endurance
-functions may have been helped by potions or spells
-multiple uses
-Stonehenge's magic more frequently active
-myths and folktales

~Ancient Greece

-revered gods, said magical power came from them
-also blamed magical users and gods for bad things that happened
-In 477 BC, Perikles planned the Parthenon, dedicated to Athena - Perikles used magic in the night to help build it
-fifth century BCE, magical people were the key to winning the Greco-Persian wars
-Rome conquered Macedonia and Greece by 145 BC

~Ancient Rome

-deity centered, less lenient to magic
-Romulus was a primary practitioner
-made love potions for Roman men to use on neighboring Sabine women
-magic was curtailed in 451 BC, banned in 81 BC
-Senator Tiberius Gracchus was one of the first to suggest Muggles were lower than magical people
-his cousin Scipio Nasica clubbed him to death because he believed this
-Consilium Imperii Magi (CIM or the Council of the Empire’s Wizards) met in Rome in 132 CE.

~Assignments

-Mandatory Quiz