~What You Say?

-Potion: magical mixture composed of magical, mundane, and transitional ingredients
-When we place helpful or hindering ingredients in a cauldron and add both thermal and magical energy, it prompts ingredients to restructure themselves and to form new chemicals and compounds.
-Mixture: when there're multiple substances which are mixed together with no reaction taking place.
-Heterogeneous Mixture: When there are many different components composed together. Ingredients are individually identifiable(Ex: Trail mix)
- Homogeneous Mixture: When you can't visibly see individual components of mixture but they're still able to be pulled apart without chemical change(Ex: Salt water)
-Compound: Substance that's a result of a chemical reaction between multiple different substances(Ex: Water)
-Pure Compound/Homogeneous Substance: Only one discernible ingredient(Ex: water. you can scoop any measurement of water out of a bucket, but you can't separate hydrogen, oxygen, etc. without a chemical reaction)
-Potion is a Mixture of Compounds (ex: red wine vinaigrette: has multiple compounds such as mustard and oil and vinegar, but no chemical change has taken place.)
-Individual parts of the salad can still be separated.
-Potions don't usually separate that nicely, but you can still see evidence of a separate compound mixture(Ex: a ribbon of gold floating through a teal potion indicates separate compounds)
-Solution: A type of mixture when there's a smaller amount of a substance(a solute) that spreads throughout a larger quantity of a different substance(the solvent).
-Solute does not need to be interspersed evenly with solvent, but does need to be there in some amount.(Ex: Adding a Tblsp of salt to a cup of water to form a salt water solution)
-Another ex. of solution is our atmosphere, composed of many chemicals and elements. Solutions don't have to be liquids-they can also be gases.
-Solids, liquids, and gases(phases) are composed of atoms and molecules(groupings of 2+ atoms).
-Solid: when particles are packed close together and moving slowly
-Liquid: When particles are packed less closely and experience more changing/active movement
-Gases: When particles are very loosely packed(so you can't generally see them) and movement is very active
-There's also a 4th state of matter called plasma, but just focus on the first 3
-Phase transition: When one of these phases passes through to another
-phase transition happens through a shift of energy through gain/loss of heat(evidence of thermal energy)
-(Ex: putting an ice cube on a stove and letting it melt and TRANSITION to water rapidly.)
-In extreme heat, ice cube may even sublime(when energy change is drastic and the solid transitions directly to gas)
-The hotter something is, the more energy it produces
-In potions, many ingredients retain their solid form but are broken down into tiny particles.
-When a gentle billow of steam rises, there is a gaseous phase transition
-Heat from cauldron and magic from wand provide the catalyst to the above reaction

Transition - Initial - Final
Melting - Solid - Liquid
Sublimation - Solid - Gas
Freezing - Liquid - Solid
Evaporation - Liquid - Gas
Boiling - Liquid - Gas
Deposition - Gas - Solid
Condensation - Gas - Liquid


~The Dust Has Only Just Begun To Fall(The Briefest Look at Theory)

-Brewing true potions requires energy of heat and magic in your wand to provide a reaction for the ingredients.
-The order you add the ingredients is important, since it enables certain ingredients to react in a specific way as the potion is brewed.
-This reaction allows the bonds of molecules to create something brand new.
-Truthfully, a lot of information on potion theory and how ingredients interact with magic is a mystery.

~Assignments

-An extra-credit essay
-A mandatory quiz